PAN Works is a center for ethics, science and policy dedicated to the wellbeing of animals.
We cultivate compassion, respect and justice for animals, a reverence for the community of life, and a desire for people, animals and nature to thrive together. As a nonprofit based in the US, we are a global platform for ethicists, scholars and civil society working to improve animal wellbeing.
The Podcast Bringing Ethics to Life
Perspectives
Originally published as a chapter in Elephant Welfare in Global Tourism by Liv Baker, Rebecca Winkler, Sarah Blaine, Chelsea Greer, Kerri McCrea, and Laura Peoples.
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Originally published by Bill Lynn, PhD, in The Ecological Citizen.
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Originally published in Dr. Becky Niemiec’s Substack by Rebecca Niemiec, PhD.
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Originally published in Conservation Works by Michelle Nijhuis.
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Recent Research
Baker, L., King, B. J., & Lynn, W. S. (2024). Rethinking Animal Consciousness Research to Prioritize Well-Being. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics, 1-5.
Baker, L., et al. (2025). The complexity of foraging and its role in elephant wellbeing. In E. Laws, et a. (Eds.), Elephant Welfare in Global Tourism (pp. 37-55). CABI.
https://doi.org/10.1079/9781836990093.0000
Baker, L. (Ed.). (2025). Wild Animal Wellbeing. Springer. Forthcoming.
Coghlan, S., & Cardilini, A. (2024). The use and abuse of moral theories in conservation debate about killing animals. Conservation Biology, 38(4), e14280.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14280
Lynn, W. S., Baker, L., Santiago-Ávila, F. J., & Stewart, K. L. (2023). Ethics, Wellbeing and Wild Lives. In A. H. Fine, M. Mueller, Z. Ng, J. M. Peralta, & A. Beck (Eds.), The Routledge International Handbook on Human-Animal Interactions, Interventions and Anthrozoology (pp. 438-452). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781032153346-30
Lynn, W. S. (2025). Chickadee was Never a Feathered Machine. Issues in Science and Technology, XLI(4).
Straka, T. M., Coleman, J., Macdonald, E. A., Rogge, S., Kingston, T., & Jacobs, M. H. (2024). Beyond biophobia: positive appraisal of bats among German residents during the COVID-19 pandemic-with consequences for conservation intentions. Biodiversity and Conservation, 1-17.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02872-3
Straka, T. M., Glahe, C., Dietrich, U., Bui, M., & Kowarik, I. (2025). From nature experience to pro-conservation action: How generational amnesia and declining nature-relatedness shape behaviour intentions of adolescents and adults. Ambio, 1-20.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-025-02135-7
Straka, T.M., Radchuk, V., Kowarik, I., von der Lippe, M. & Buchholz, S. (2025). Urbanization impacts top predators and alters biotic interactions in predator-prey-mutualistic communities in urban dry grasslands. Ecology and Evolution, 15(1), e70791.
Lynn, W. S., Baker, L., Borrie, W. T., Cardilini, A. P. A., & et al. (2025). Compassionate Conservation in Practice: A Values-driven, Interdisciplinary, Pluralistic, and Deliberative Community. Biological Conservation, 303(2025), 111002.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111002
Cardilini, A., Baker, L., Lynn, W. S., Borrie, W., & et al. (2025). Compassionate Conservation Practice: Supporting Diverse Conservation Actions But Context Matters. Biological Conservation, 313.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111593
Urbanik, J., Isaacs, J., Tovar, D., & Lynn, W. S. (2025). Engineering in a Multispecies World: Animal Geographies, Ethics, and Place. In Animals, Ethics and Engineering. Jenny Stanford.
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003652311
Wellmann, T., Knapp, S., Albert, C., Egerer, M., Fischer, L. K., Kaiser, J., Kramer-Schadt, S., Mascarenhas, A., Ristok, C., Sporbert, M., Straka, T.M., Strohbach, M.W., Bleidorn, C., Maylin, J.M., Xylander, W.E.R., Keil, P., Haase, D. (2025). Status and trends of Germany’s urban biodiversity: A nationwide assessment and identified knowledge gaps. Basic and Applied Ecology.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2025.10.002
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PAN Works is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization, EIN 86-3647422. Donations are tax deductible. All rights reserved.
